-¼±±³Á¤Ã¥: “Çѱ¹¹®È¸¦ Åä´ë·Î, Çѱ¹Àο¡ ÀÇÇÑ Àüµµ”-
³ë Á¾ ÇØ(CM¸®¼Ä¡)
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¡ã Á¸ ·Î½º ¼±±³»ç(John Ross Ôþå³ù× .1842-1915) |
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¡ã Ãâó: ¿Á¼ºµæ(ÇÑ±Û ¼º¼ ¹ø¿ª 140Áֳ⠱â³ä Çмú ½ÉÆ÷Áö¿ò ÀÚ·áÁý, ´ëÇÑ ¼º¼°øȸ, 2022³â, p22.) |
Á¸ ·Î½º(John Ross, Ôþå³ù×, 1842~1915)´Â ½ºÄÚƲ·£µå ¿¬ÇÕ Àå·Î±³È¸¿¡¼ Áß±¹ ¸¸ÁÖ ¼±±³»ç·Î ÆļÛ(1872. 2. 27.) ¹Þ¾ÒÀ¸¸ç, ¸ñ»ç¾È¼ö ¹Þ°í(1872. 3. 20.) ½ºÅ׿öµå(M.A. Steward) ¾ç°ú °áÈ¥ÇÏ°í(3.25) ¼±±³Áö·Î Ãâ¹ßÇÏ¿© ¸¸ÁÖ ¿µ±¸¿¡ µµÂøÇÏ¿´´Ù.
¾Æ³» ½ºÅ׿öµå´Â 1873³â ù ¾Æµé "µå·³¸óµå("Drummond)¸¦ ÇØ»ê(1873. 2.)ÇÏ°í ±ä ¿©Çà°ú ȤÇÑ¿¡ º°¼¼(3. 31.)ÇÏ¿´´Ù. Á¸ ·Î½º´Â ³Ý° ¿©µ¿»ý ij´õ¸°(Catherine)À» ¸¸ÁÖ·Î ºÒ·¯ ¾ÆµéÀ» µ¹º¸°Ô ÇÏ°í Áß±¹¾î ½Àµæ°ú ¼øȸ ¼±±³¿¡ ¸ôµÎÇÏ¿´´Ù.
¿©µ¿»ýÀº Á¸ ¸ÅŲŸÀ̾î(John MacIntyre, 1838-1904) ¼±±³»ç¿Í °áÈ¥(1876³â)ÇÏ¿©, Á¸ ·Î½º¿Í´Â ¸ÅÇü °ü°è·Î ÇÑ±Û ¼º¼¹ø¿ª°ú Çѱ¹ÀÎ ¼¼·Ê, ¸Å¼ÀÎ(±Ç¼ÀÎ, ÀüµµÀÎ)À» Çѱ¹ ³»·Î ÆļÛÇÏ¿©, º¹À½ÀüÆÄ È°µ¿¿¡ ±ä¹ÐÇÑ Çù·ÂÀÚ°¡ µÇ¾ú´Ù.
µÎ Á¸(John) ¼±±³»ç´Â Çѱ¹¿¡ "º¹À½ÀÇ ¾¾¾Ñ"À» »Ñ·Á ±âµ¶±³ ½Å¾Ó °øµ¿Ã¼ Çü¼º°ú ±³È¸ ¼³¸³, ºÎÈïÀÇ Åä´ë¸¦ ³õ¾Ò°í, ÀÌ¹Ì °ø½Ä ¼±±³»çµéÀÌ Çѱ¹¿¡ µµÂøÇϱâ Àü¿¡ Àü±¹ °÷°÷¿¡ º¹À½ÀÇ ¾¾¾ÑÀÌ ÀÚ¶ó ½Å¾Ó°øµ¿Ã¼¿Í ±³È¸¸¦ Çü¼ºÇÏ°í ÀÖ¾ú´Ù.
¾ÆÆæÁ©·¯, ¾ð´õ¿ìµå ¼±±³»çµéÀº ·Î½ºÀÇ ÀüµµÀεéÀÇ ¾È³»·Î ¼ºÏÁö¿ªÀ» ¿©ÇàÇÏ¸ç ¼¼·Ê¿äû¿¡ ³î¶ó°í ¹®´ä ½É»çÇÏ¿© ¼¼·Ê¸¦ º£Ç®°í ´Ù³æ´Ù.
ƯÈ÷ ù ¼º¼¹ø¿ª¿¡¼ ¼ø Çѱ۷Π¿¤·ÎÈû/µ¥¿À½º¸¦ "ÇÏ´À´Ô/Çϳª´Ô"À¸·Î ¹ø¿ªÇÏ¿©, Çѱ¹ »çȸ¿Í ¹®È, ¿ª»ç¿¡ ±æÀÌ ºû³ª´Â ÇõÇõÇÑ °ø·Î¸¦ ¼¼¿ü´Ù.
I. ¸¸ÁÖÀÇ ÇÑÀÎÃ̱³È¸¿Í ±¹³»Àüµµ(1876)
·Î½º ¼±±³»ç-¸¸ÁÖ ÇÑÀÎÃÌ ±³È¸ Çü¼º°ú ÇÑÀÎ ÀüµµÀÎ ±¹³»È°µ¿
Çѱ¹ ±¹³»¿¡¼ ±âµ¶±³¼±±³ È°µ¿ÀÌ ½ÃÀÛµÈ ¶§´Â ¾ÆÆæÁ©·¯¿Í ¾ð´õ¿ìµå ¼±±³»çÀÇ ³»ÇÑÀ¸·Î(1885³â) ¾Ë°í ÀÖ´Ù. ±×·¯³ª ÀÌ¹Ì 10³â ÀüÀÎ 1874³âºÎÅÍ Çѱ¹°ú Áß±¹ÀÇ Á¢°æÁö´ëÀÎ ¾Ð·Ï° º¯¿¡¼ ÇÑÀÎÀüµµ°¡ ÀÌ·ç¾îÁ³°í ¹é ¸íÀÌ ³Ñ´Â Çѱ¹ÀÎÀÌ ¼¼·Ê±³Àεµ ÀÖ¾ú´Ù.
¸¸ÁÖ(Ø»ñ½)ÀÇ ÇÑÀÎÃÌ(ùÛìÑõ½)¿¡´Â ÇÑÀα³È¸(ùÛìÑÎçüå)¿Í ÀüµµÀÎ(îîÔ³ìÑ)µµ ÀÖ¾ú´Ù. ¶ÇÇÑ ¼ºÏÁö¿ªÀÎ ÀÇÁÖ(ëùñ¶), °°è(Ë°Í£), ¼±Ãµ(à¾ô¹), Æò¾ç(øÁå½)°ú ¼Ûõ(áæô¹)Áö¿ª »óÀεéÀÌ ¸¸ÁÖ¸¦ µå³ªµé¸é¼ ±âµ¶±³ÀÎÀÌ µÈ ÈÄ ±¹³» ÀüµµÀÎÀ¸·Î È°µ¿ÇÏ°í ÀÖ¾ú´Ù.
¸¸ÁÖ¿¡ ÃÖÃÊ ÇÑÀα³È¸¿Í ÀüµµÀÎÀ» Çü¼º½ÃÅ°´Âµ¥ Áß¿äÇÑ ¿ªÇÒÇÑ ºÐÀº ·Î½º¸ñ»ç(Ôþå³ù×, John Ross)·Î ½ºÄÚÆ®·£µåÀå·Î±³È¸·Î ºÎÅÍ Áß±¹¼±±³»ç·Î 1872³â2¿ù27ÀÏ¿¡ ÆÄ¼Û ¹Þ°í, 3¿ù20ÀÏ¿¡ ¸ñ»ç¾È¼ö ¹Þ¾Ò´Ù. 3¿ù25ÀÏ¿¡´Â ½ºÅͿ͵å(M.A. Steward) ¾ç°ú °áÈ¥ÇÏ°í, 8¿ù23ÀÏ Áß±¹ ÁöǪ¿¡ µµÂøÇÏ¿´´Ù. ·Î½º¸ñ»ç´Â ÁöǪ¿¡¼ Çѱ¹ÀÎÀ» ¸¸³µ°í, Å丶½º¸ñ»çÀÇ ¼ø±³¿Í õÁÖ±³ÀεéÀÇ ¹ÚÇØ ¹Þ´Â ¼Ò½ÄÀ» µè°í Çѱ¹¼±±³¿¡ °ü½ÉÀ» °¡Áö°í ±âµµÇÏ¿´´Ù.
·Î½º¸ñ»ç´Â ±×ÀÇ ¼±±³Áö¸¦ ¸¸ÁÖÁö¿ªÀ¸·Î »ï°í, ¿µ±¸(ç½Ï¢)¸¦ Áß½ÉÀ¸·Î ¿ìÀå(éÚíä), ºÀȲ¼º(ÜóüÅàò), ¿ä¾ç(סåÕ), ºÀõ(Üåô¸) Áö¿ªÀ» ¼øȸÀüµµ ÇÏ¿´´Ù.
Á¸ ·Î½º ¸ñ»ç ¼±±³Á¤Ã¥- Çѱ¹¹®È¸¦ ¹ÙÅÁÀ¸·Î, Çѱ¹ÀÎ ÀüµµÀڵ鿡 ÀÇÇØ
Á¸ ·Î½º¸ñ»çÀÇ ¼±±³Á¤Ã¥(à¾ÎçïÙóþ)Àº µÎ °¡Áö¿´´Ù.
ù°´Â ±× ³ª¶óÀÇ °¡Ä¡°üÀ̳ª ½Å¾ÓÀ» ¹ö¸± ÇÊ¿ä°¡ ¾ø°í, ±× º¸´Ù´Â ±× ¹®È¸¦ ¹ÙÅÁÀ¸·Î ±×¸®½ºµµ ¾È¿¡¼ ¼³¸³Çϵµ·Ï º¸¿©ÁÖ´Â °ÍÀÌ´Ù.
µÑ°´Â ºñ ±âµ¶±³ Áö¿ª¿¡ ÀÖ´Â ±³È¸´Â ¿Ü±¹ÀÎ ¼±±³»çÀÇ È°µ¿À» ÅëÇؼ ¼ºÀåÇÏ´Â °ÍÀÌ ¾Æ´Ï¶ó, ÀÚ±¹(í»ÏÐ) ±âµ¶±³ÀεéÀÇ »ýÈ°(ßæüÀ)°ú Àüµµ(îîÔ³üÀÔÑ)¸¦ ÅëÇؼ ½ÇÇàµÇ¾î¾ß ÇÑ´Ù´Â °ÍÀÌ´Ù.
·Î½º¸ñ»ç´Â ¿ì¼± Çѱ¹ÀÎ Çѱ¹¾î ¼±»ýÀ» ¸¸³ª±æ ¿øÇß°í, ¼º¼¸¦ Çѱ¹¾î·Î ¹ø¿ªÇϱ⸦ ¿øÇÏ¿´´Ù. ¶ÇÇÑ Çѱ¹¼±±³ÀÇ ¹®À» ¿±â À§Çؼ´Â Çѱ¹ÀÇ ¹®È(Ùþûù), Á¾±³(ðóÎç), dz½À(ù¦ã§)°ú ¿ª»ç(ÕöÞÈ) µîÀ» ¾Ë¾Æ¾ß ÇÑ´Ù°í ¹Ï°í Çѱ¹Àο¡ ´ëÇÑ Á¢ÃË»Ó ¾Æ´Ï¶ó Çѱ¹¿¬±¸¿¡µµ Èû½è´Ù.
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¡ã °í·Á¹®(Corea Gate, óýÚ¦) |
·Î½º¸ñ»ç´Â Çѱ¹ÀεéÀÌ ¸ð¿© »ì°í ÀÖ°í ¸¹ÀÌ µå³ªµå´Â °í·Á¹®(ÍÔÕòÚ¦)ÀÌ ÀÖÀ½À» ¾Ë°í ¼±±³¿©Çà ÇÏ¿´´Ù. “°í·Á¹®(ÍÔÕòÚ¦, óýÚ¦)Àº Çѱ¹°ú Áß±¹À» ÀÕ´Â °ü¹®À¸·Î ¾Ð·Ï°º¯¿¡ À§Ä¡ÇÏ°í ÀÖÀ¸¸ç, ÀÇÁÖ(ëùñ¶)¿¡¼ ¾à 48kmÀ¸·Î ÀÌ ¹®À» ÅëÇؼ¸¸ Áß±¹¿¡ µå³ªµé ¼ö ÀÖµµ·Ï µÇ¾îÀÖ¾ú´Ù. ¶ÇÇÑ ÀÌ°÷¿¡´Â ¼¼°ü(áªÎ¼)ÀÌ À§Ä¡ÇÏ°í ÀÖÀ¸¸ç, Çѱ¹ÀεéÀÌ ¸ð¿© »ç´Â ”°í·ÁÃÌ(ÍÔÕòõ½)ÀÌ Çü¼ºµÇ¾î ÀÖ¾ú´Ù.
¸¸ÁÖ ºÀȲ¼º(ÜóüÅàò)¿¡ ÀÖ´Â °í·Á¹®(Corea Gate, óýÚ¦)¿¡´Â 1³â¿¡ 4Â÷·Ê ÀåÀÌ ¼°í ÀÖ¾ú´Ù. ÀÌ ÀåÀÌ ¼´Â ¶§´Â Çѱ¹ º»Åä¿¡¼ ¸¹Àº ÇÑÀεéÀÌ ¸ô·Á¿À¹Ç·Î ·Î½º¸ñ»ç´Â À̶§¸¦ ±âȸ·Î »ï¾Æ °í·Á¹®À» ¹æ¹®ÇÑ °ÍÀÌ´Ù.
·Î½º¸ñ»ç´Â 1873³â ¸»ºÎÅÍ ¿ìÀå(éÚíö)À» Ãâ¹ßÇÏ¿© ºÀõ(Üåô¸)À» °ÅÃÄ Ã¹ °í·Á¹®À» ¹æ¹®ÇÏ°í “ÇÑÀÎÃÌ”(ùÛìÑõ½)À» ¹ß°ßÇÏ¿´À¸¸ç, °í·Á¹® ¹æ¹®±â”(Visit to the Corean Gate)¸¦ ½è´Ù. 1876³â 4¿ù ¸»ºÎÅÍ 5¿ù ÃÊ, ÇÑ ´Þ µ¿¾È Á¦2Â÷ °í·Á¹®À» ¹æ¹®ÇÏ¿© ¾ÖÇÏ(靉ùÁ)¿Í ¾Ð·Ï° ÇÕ·ùÁ¡(ùê×µïÇ) Á¢°æÁö´ë±îÁö À̸£·¶À¸¸ç, Á¶¼±ÀεéÀÌ ³ó»çÁþ´Â °ÍÀ» º¸¾Ò°í, ÇÑ ±ÇÀ¸·Î µÈ ÀüµµÁö¿Í ¼º°æÀ» ÃâÆÇÅä·Ï °èȹÇÏ¿´´Ù. Áï ·Î½º¸ñ»ç´Â Á¶¼±¾î ¼±»ý°ú ½Å¾à¼º¼¸¦ Á¶¼±¾î·Î ¹ø¿ªÇϵµ·Ï µµ¿ï »ç¶÷À» ã°í ÀÖ¾ú°í Çѱ¹ ¶¥ÀÎ ÀÇÁÖ(ëùñ¶) Áö¿ªÀ» ¹Ù¶óº¸¸ç º¹À½ÀÌ ÀüµµµÇ±æ ±âµµÇÏ¿´´Ù.
ÀÌÀÀÂùÀ» Çѱ¹¾î ¼±»ýÀ¸·Î ¸¸³ª, “ÇÑÀÎÃ̱³È¸”¼³¸³ ÀüµµÀÎ È°µ¿
¹Ù·Î À̶§ ÇѾàÀå¼öÀÎ ÀÌÀÀÂù(×ÝëëóÇ)À» ¸¸³µ´Ù. ÀÌÀÀÂùÀº ¾Ð·Ï°À» °Ç³Î ¶§ ¸ðµç ¹°°ÇÀ» ÀÒ¾î¹ö·È´Ù. ÀÌ·Î ÀÎÇÏ¿© ÀÌÀÀÂùÀº ·Î½º¸ñ»çÀÇ Çѱ¹¾î ¼±»ýÀÌ µÇ¾ú´Ù.
ÀÌÀÀÂùÀº 1876³â Çѱ¹°³½Å±³·Î½á´Â ù ¼¼·Ê¸¦ ¹Þ¾Ò°í °ð ÀÌ¾î¼ ÀÇÁÖ »ç¶÷ ¹éÈ«ÁØ, À̼ºÇÏ, ÃÖ¼º±Õ, ±èÁø±â µîÀÌ ¼¼·Ê¸¦ ¹Þ¾Ò´Ù. À̵鵵 °ð Çѱ¹±¹³» ÀüµµÀÎÀÌ µÇ¾úÀ¸¸ç, ·Î½º¸ñ»ç´Â ¼±±³±âÁöÀÎ ºÀõ(Üåô¸)¿¡¼ Çѱۼº¼ ¹ø¿ª¿¡ Âø¼öÇÏ¿´°í, “ÃÖÃÊÀÇ ÇÑÀα³È¸“(õÌôø ùÛìÑÎçüå)¸¦ ¼¼¿ü´Ù.(Çö, ½É¾çÀÇ µ¿°ü±³È¸)
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¡ã ½É¾çÀÇ µ¿°ü±³È¸(1876, ·Î½º¸ñ»ç ½Ã¹«) |
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¡ã Çö, ½É¾çÀÇ µ¿°ü±³È¸(ÁõÃà 1988³â) |
·Î½º¸ñ»ç´Â ÀÌÀÀÂùÀ» ¸¸³ °æÀ§¸¦ °¨µ¿¿¡ Â÷¼ ±â·ÏÇÏ¿´´Ù.
“ÁßÀΰè±Þ(ñéìÑÍÐä)¿¡ ¼ÓÇÏ´Â »ç¶÷ Çϳª°¡ °í·Á¹®(ÍÔÕòÚ¦À¸)·Î °¡±â À§ÇÏ¿© ¹è¿¡ ¹°°ÇÀ» ½Ç°í °Å¼¾ ¾Ð·Ï°À» °Ç³Ê´Ù°¡ ±×¸¸ °©Àڱ⠰ÇÑ ¼³²Ç³(à¤Ñõù¦)À» ¸¸³ª ¼ ¹è´Â Àüº¹µÇ¾ú°í, ¹°°ÇÀº ¹°¼ÓÀ¸·Î Àá°Ü¹ö·È´Ù..., ¹°°Ç ÀÓÀÚ´Â ¾Ë°ÅÁö°¡ µÇ¾ú´Ù..., ºñÂüÇÑ È¯°æ¿¡ ³õ¿© ÀÖÀ» ¶§, Çѱ¹¾î ¼±»ýÀ» ±¸ÇÏ´Â ³ªÀÇ ¼±â(ßöÑÀ)¸¦ ¸¸³ª°Ô µÇ¾ú°í, °ð ³ªÀÇ ¼±»ý(à»ßæ)ÀÌ µÉ °ÍÀ» ¾à¼Ó(å³áÖ)ÇÏ¿´´Ù....
Àα¸°¡ ºÒ°ú 1õ5¹é¸¸ ¸í ¹Û¿¡ µÇÁö ¾Ê°í ºñ·Ï ¿©ÀÚ¶ó ÇÒÁö¶óµµ ¸çÄ¥À̸é Çص¶ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Â ÈǸ¢ÇÑ ¹®ÀÚ(Ùþí®)¸¦ °¡Áö°í ÀÖ´Â Çѱ¹(ùÛÏÐ)°ú °°Àº ³ª¶ó´Â ¼º¼(á¡ßö)¿Í Àüµµ¹®¼(îîÔ³Ùþßö)ÀÇ º¸±Þ(ÜÅÐà)ÀÌ °¡Àå ½¬¿î ³ª¶óÀ̹ǷΠÇѱۼº¼ÀÇ ¿ª°£(æ»ÊÊ)Àº °¡Àå Áß¿äÇÑ ÀÏÀÌ´Ù. ±×µéÀÌ »ç¿ëÇÏ´Â ¹®Àڴ ǥÀ½¹®ÀÚ(øúëåÙþí®)ÀÎ µ¥´Ù°¡ ¸Å¿ì ´Ü¼øÇÏ°í ¾Æ¸§´Ù¿ö¼ ´©±¸³ª ½±°Ô ¶Ç´Â »¡¸® ¹è¿ï ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù.“(J. Ross:"The Christian Dawn in Korea", The Missionary Review of the World. N.S. Vol3, Nov.4, 1890. pp241-248. ±èÁ¤Çö p213-219)
Çѱ¹ÀεéÀÌ ¿Ü±¹Àεé°ú ¼º¼¹ø¿ª¿¡ Âü¿©ÇÑ´Ù´Â ¼Ò½ÄÀº ÆÛÁ®³ª°¬°í, ±¸°æ²Û°ú ¹æ¹®°´µéÀÌ ºó¹øÇÏ°Ô µÇ¾ú´Ù. ¾Æ¿¹ ¼±±³»çÁý¿¡¼ ¸Å¿ù 1ÁÖ°£¾¿ ¼º°æ°øºÎ¹ÝÀÌ Çü¼ºµÇ±âµµ ÇÏ¿´´Ù. 1880³â¿¡´Â 30¿© ¸íÀÌ ¼º°æ°øºÎ ¹Ý¿¡ Âü¿©ÇÏ¿© ±³À°¹Þ¾Ò°í, ±¹³» ¹®¼ ÀüµµÀÎÀ¸·Î È°µ¿ÇÏ¿´´Ù.
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¡ã ÁÔ ·Î½º¿ª ´©°¡º¹À½(¹®±¤¼¿ø,1882)/¿¹¼ö¼Í±³Á¯¼(¹®±¤¼¿ø 1887) |
·Î½º ¸ñ»ç´Â 1881³â 7¿ù ½ºÄÚƲ·£µå ¼º¼°øȸ·ÎºÎÅÍÀÇ Áö¿øÀ¸·Î “¹®±¤¼¿ø”À» ¼³¸³ÇÏ¿´°í, ±×ÇØ 10¿ù Çѱ¹ ÃÖÃÊÀÇ ±âµ¶±³¹®¼ÀÎ “¿¹¼ö¼Í±³¹®´ä”°ú “¿¹¼ö¼º±³¿ä·É”À» Ãâ°£ÇßÀ¸¸ç, À̵ëÇØ Ã¹ Çѱۼº°æ “¿¹¼ö¼Í±³ ´©°¡º¹À½Àü¼Å”¿Í “¿¹¼ö¼Í±³ ¿äÇѺ¹À½Á¯¼Å”¸¦ ¹ß°£Çß´Ù. À̸¦ ½ÃÀÛÀ¸·Î »çµµÇàÀü(1883³â), ¸¶°¡º¹À½°ú ¸¶Åº¹À½(1884³â), ¿¡º£¼Ò ¼(1885³â)¿¡ À̾î ÃÖÃÊÀÇ ÇÑ±Û ½Å¾àÀü¼ “¿¹¼ö¼Í±³Á¯¼”(1887³â)µµ ¹ßÇàÇß´Ù.
1882³â 11¿ù¿¡´Â 75¸í¿¡°Ô ¼·Ê¸¦ ÁÖ¾úÀ¸¸ç, 1884³â¿¡´Â Çѱ¹ÀÎÀÌ ¹é¿© ¸íÀ̳ª ¼¼·Ê ¹Þ¾Ò°í, ¼¼·Ê ´ë±âÀÚµµ 6¹é¿© ¸íÀÏ Á¤µµ·Î È°±âÂù ±³È¸¸¦ Çü¼ºÇÏ°í ÀÖ¾ú´Ù.
·Î½º¸ñ»ç´Â ¿Ü±¹ÀÎ ¼±±³»ç¿¡ ÀÇÇÑ Àüµµº¸´Ù´Â Çѱ¹ÀÎ ½º½º·Î°¡ ÀüµµÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖµµ·Ï ¾çÀ°ÇÏ¿´´Ù. ¶ÇÇÑ Çѱ¹ ¿ª»ç¿Í ¹®È¸¦ ¼¼°è¿¡ ¼Ò°³ÇÏ¿© Çѱ¹¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ¼¼°èÀÇ °ü½ÉÀ» ²ø°Ô ÇÏ¿´À¸¸ç, Çѱ¹ ¹®ÈÀüÅëÀÇ ¹ÙÅÁ À§¿¡ ±âµ¶±³ º¹À½À» ÀüÆÄÇÏ·Á°í ÇÑ Æ¯Â¡À» °¡Áö°í ÀÖ´Ù.
Á¸ ·Î½º¿Í Á¸ ¸ÅŲŸÀÌ¾î ¼±±³»ç´Â Çѱ¹ ±âµ¶±³ÀÇ Ã¹ ¼±±³»ç·Î ±â·ÏµÇ¾î¾ß Çϸç. ±× °ø·Î¸¦ ±â¾ïÇÏ¿©¾ß ÇÑ´Ù. ¸î °¡Áö¸¦ ÁöÀûÇÏ¸ç ±ÛÀ» ¸¶Ä£´Ù.
ù°´Â Á¸ ·Î½ºÀÇ ¼±±³ Á¤Ã¥Àº ÅäÂø¹®È¸¦ Åä´ë·Î ÅäÂøÀο¡ ÀÇÇÑ Àüµµ¿´´Ù. ÀÚ¸³, ÀÚÀü, ÀÚÄ¡ÀÇ »ïÀÚ Á¤Ã¥À̸ç, ³×ºñ¿ì½º º¸´Ù ´õ ±í°í Æ÷°ýÀûÀÎ ·Î½ºÀÇ ÅäÂø ¼±±³Á¤Ã¥À̾ú´Ù. Á¸ ·Î½ºÀÇ ¼±±³ Á¤Ã¥Àº »çµµ ¹Ù¿ïÀÇ ¼±±³¸¦ µû¶ú´Ù. Áï »ç¶÷ÀÌ ¸¹ÀÌ ´Ù´Ï´Â µµ½Ã¿¡ Àüµµ¼Ò¸¦ °³¼³ÇÏ°í, ¼øȸÀüµµÇÏ´Â ¹Ù¿ïÀÇ Àüµµ ¹æ½ÄÀ» ½ÇõÇÏ¿´´Ù. ¸¸ÁÖ ¼±±³ ¹æ¹ý·Ð(Mission Methods in Manchuria) µîÀ» Àú¼úÇÏ¿´´Ù. ÀÌ Ã¥Àº "¸¸ÁÖ¼±±³ ¹æ¹ý·Ð"À¸·Î ¹ø¿ª ÃâÆÇ µÇ¾ú´Ù.(¼ø±³ÀÚÀÇ ¼Ò¸®, 2019³â)
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¡ã John Ross: Mission Methods in Manchuria(1903) |
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¡ã ·Î½º Àú¼, "¸¸ÁÖ¼±±³ ¹æ¹ý·Ð" ¹ø¿ª ÃâÆÇ(2019)°ú "´©°¡º¹À½"(1882³â ÆÇ)-(ÃâÆÇ: ¼ø±³ÀÚÀÇ ¼Ò¸®, 2019, 2022) |
´ç½Ã Çѱ¹ ³» Á¤Ä¡, »çȸ »óȲ¿¡¼ ¿Ü±¹ ¼±±³»ç ÀÔ±¹ÀÌ ±ÝÁöµÇ´ø »óȲ¿¡¼ ¸¸ÁÖÀÇ ÇÑÀεéÀ» ¸¸³ª°í ¼º¼¸¦ Çѱ۷Π¹ø¿ª Ãâ¹ßÇÏ¿© ÀüµµÀÎÀ» ¼¼¿ö ±¹³»·Î º¸±ÞÇϸç, °÷°÷¿¡ ½Å¾Ó°øµ¿Ã¼¸¦ Çü¼ºÇÏ¿´´Ù.
µÑ° ¼º¼¹ø¿ªÀ» À§ÇØ ÇѱÛÀ» ¸ÕÀú ¹è¿ì°í, Çѱ¹¿ª»ç¿Í ¹®È, Çѱ¹ÀεéÀÇ ½À°ü°ú dz½ÀÀ» Á¶»ç ¿¬±¸ÇÏ¿© Àú¼¸¦ ÃâÆÇÇß´Ù. "Çѱ¹¾î ±âÃÊ"(Corea Primer, 1877³â), "Çѱ¹¿ª»ç, Çѱ¹ÀÎÀÇ ½À°ü°ú ¾ð¾î, ÁöÇü" (History of Corea, Ancient and Modern: with Description of Manners, Customs, Language, and Geography(1879){ µî ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ Àú¼µé°ú "¿¹¼ö¼Í±³¹®´ä", "¿¹¼ö¼Í±³¿ä·É"(1881³â) µî ¹®¼¸¦ ¹ßÇàÇÏ¿© ¼¼°è¼±±³»çµé°ú Çѱ¹ ¼±±³»çµé¿¡ ±³º»ÀÌ µÇ¾î, Çѱ¹ ±âµ¶±³ÀÇ ±âÃʸ¦ ³õ¾Ò´Ù.
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¡ã Çѱ¹¾î ±³»ç ¹éÈ«ÁØ, ¼º¼ ¹ø¿ªÀÎ! |
¼Â° ÅäÂø ÇÑÀÎ ÀüµµÀÎ ¾ç¼º°ú ÆļÛÀÌ´Ù. ¸¸ÁÖ¿¡¼ ¼º¼¹ø¿ª Á¶·ÂÀÚµéÀ» ¼¼·Ê¸¦ ÁÖ¾ú°í, À̵éÀÌ ÀÚ¹ßÀûÀ¸·Î ÀüµµÀÎÀ¸·Î ÇÑÀÎÃÌ ±³È¸¸¦ ÀÌ·ç¾ú´Ù. ¶ÇÇÑ ±¹³»¿¡¼ È°µ¿ÇÏ¿© ¼ºÏÁö¿ª°ú ¼¿ïÁö¿ª µî¿¡ ÀÚ»ýÀûÀÎ ½Å¾Ó°øµ¿Ã¼¸¦ Çü¼ºÇÏ¿´´Ù.
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¡ã ¹éÈ«ÁØ ÀüµµÀÎÀÌ °³Ã´ ¼³¸³ÇÑ "ÀÇÁÖ±³È¸"(¼³¸³ 1866³â, »çÁø:1907³â) |
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¡ã ¼»ó·û/¼°æÁ¶°¡ ¼³¸³ÇÑ È²Çصµ ¼Ò·¡±³È¸(¼Ûõ, 1883³â 5¿ù 16ÀÏ) |
À̵é ÀÚ»ýÀû ½Å¾Ó°øµ¿Ã¼µéÀº ±×´ë·Î ±³È¸¸¦ ¼³¸³ÇÏ°í Àü±¹À¸·Î È®»êÇÏ°Ô µÇ¾ú´Ù. ¾ÆÆæÁ©·¯¿Í ¾ð´õ¿ìµå µî Çѱ¹ °ø½Ä ¼±±³»çµéÀº À̵鿡 ¼¼·Ê¸¦ ÁÖ°í º¹À½Àüµµ¿Í ±³È¸ ¼³¸³, ºÎÈïÇÏ´Â ¿¸Å¸¦ °ÅµÎ¾ú´Ù.
Á¸ ·Î½ºÀÇ "¿¹¼ö¼Í±³¹®´ä"(1881³â)¿¡ ù ¹®´ä º¸¸é, À¯ÀÏÇϽŠâÁ¶ÁÖ¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ½Å¾ÓÀ» "ÇÏ´À´Ô"À¸·Î Ç¥±âÇÏ¿´´Ù.
¹®: õÁö ¸¸¹°ÀÌ ¾î¶»°Ô ÀÖ´À´¢?
´ä: ÇÏ´À´ÔÀÌ Áö¾î³½ °ÍÀ̶ó.
½ºÅ©·£Æ° ºÎÀÎÀº ¼¿ï¿¡¼ ÀϺΠ¼öÁ¤ÇÏ¿©, "¼º°æ¹®´ä"(1892³â)À» ÃâÆÇÇÏ¿´°í, ·ÎÁ¦Å¸ Ȧ(Dr. Rosetta S. Hall) ¼±±³»ç´Â °¨¸®±³È¸ ¿©¼ºº´¿øÀÎ º¸±¸¿©°ü¿¡¼ »ç¿ëÇϸç ÀüµµÇÏ¿´´Ù.
³Ý° ¹«¾ùº¸´Ùµµ Çϴÿ¡ °è½Å ÃÖ°íÀÇ ÇϴôÔÀ», Çѱ¹ÀÎÀÇ Á¤¼¿¡ ¸Âµµ·Ï "¿¤·ÎÈû(È÷, Elohim. â3:8)", "µ¥¿À½º(Çï,Theos. ⸷10:18)", "God"À» "ÇÏ´À´Ô"À¸·Î 1881³âºÎÅÍ ÃÖÃʷΠǥ±âÇÏ¿´´Ù. Áö½ÄÀεéÀÇ Çѹ®½Ä "»óÁ¦"(ß¾ð¨), "õÁÖ"(ô¸ñ«)¸¦ ¹ÎÁßÀÌ ¾Ö¿ëÇÏ´Â ¾ð¾î·Î ÇÏ´À´Ô/Çϳª´ÔÀ¸·Î Ç¥±âÇÏ¿´´Ù.
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¡ã ·Î½º ¿ªº» ´©°¡º¹À½(1882³â)-"Çϳª´Ô"À¸·Î Ç¥±â!-"¿ì¸® ÇÏ´À´ÔÀÇ ÀºÇý" |
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¡ã ·Î½º¿ª ´©°¡º¹À½ 2Àå, "ÇÏ´À´Ô"À¸·Î Ç¥±â(¼ø±³ÀÚÀÇ ¼Ò¸®¿¡¼ Çö´ë½ÄÀ¸·Î ÃâÆÇ ÇÔ, 2022³â) |
·Î½ºÀÇ Ã¹ Çѱ۹ø¿ª "¿¹¼ö¼Í±³ ´©°¡º¹À½"(1882³â 3¿ù)¿¡´Â "ÇÏ´À´Ô"°ú "Çϳª´Ô"À» º´±âÇϸç Ç¥±âÇÏ¿´´Ù. ·Î½º ¿ªº» "´©°¡º¹À½"Àº ¼ø±³ÀÚÀÇ ¼Ò¸®¿¡¼ 1882³â ÆǺ» ±Û´ë·Î¸¦ Çö´ë½ÄÀ¸·Î ÃâÆÇÇÏ¿´´Ù.(¼ø±³ÀÚÀÇ ¼Ò¸®, 2022³â ÃâÆÇ)
¹ÚÇü½Å(³²¼¿ï´ë ±³¼ö)Àº ¼¿ïÀÇ Ã¶ÀÚ¹ý¿¡ µû¶ó "¿äÇѺ¹À½"(1883³â 10¿ù)¿¡¼´Â ½Å¸í(ãêÙ£)À» "ÇÏ´À´Ô" ´ë½Å¿¡ "Çϳª´Ô"À¸·Î °³Á¤ÇÏ¿´´Ù°í Çß´Ù.(Á¸ ·Î½º ÇÑ±Û ¼º°æ ¹ø¿ª 140Áֳ⠱â³ä ÀÚ·áÁý(p79)
ù ÇÑ±Û ¼º¼ "¿¹¼ö¼Í±³Á¯¼"(1887³â)¿¡´Â "Çϳª´Ô"À¸·Î ÅëÀÏÇÏ¿´´Ù. ´ç½Ã öÀÚ¹ý Ç¥ÁØÈ¿¡´Â ¾Æ·¡ ¾ÆÀÚ Ç¥±â¸¦ »ç¿ëÇÏÁö ¾Ê¾Ò´Ù.
¿Á¼ºµæ ±³¼ö(UCLA)´Â "ÇÏ´À´Ô°ú Çϳª´Ô" Ç¥±â´Â µ¿ÀÏÇÑ ÇÑ±Û Ç¥±â¶ó ÁöÀûÇÏ¿´´Ù. Çϴÿ¡ °è½Å ÇϴôÔÀ̶õ ¶æÀÌ´Ù. ÇÑ±Û ¾ð¾î ÇÐÀڵ鵵 "ÇÏ´À´Ô/Çϳª´Ô" Ç¥±â¸¦ È¥¿ëÇÏ°í ÀÖ¾úÀ½À» ÁöÀûÇÏ°í ÀÖ´Ù.(¿Á¼ºµæ, ÇÑ±Û ¼º¼ ¹ø¿ª 140Áֳ⠱â³ä Çмú ½ÉÆ÷Áö¿ò ÀÚ·áÁý, ´ëÇÑ ¼º¼°øȸ, 2022³â. pp18f)
õÁÖ±³¿Í ±âµ¶±³°¡ °øµ¿À¸·Î ¼º¼¸¦ ¹ø¿ªÇϸç, õÁÖ±³ÀÇ "»óÁ¦"(ß¾ð¨), "õÁÖ"(ô¸ñ«)¿Í ±âµ¶±³ÀÇ "Çϳª´Ô"À», "ÇÏ´À´Ô"À¸·Î ÇÕÀÇ ÅëÀÏÇÏ¿© °øµ¿¼º¼ ¹ø¿ªÀ» ÀÌ·ç¾ú´Ù.(1977³â ºÎÈ°Àý)
´Ù¼¸Â° Á¸ ·Î½ºº» ÇÑ±Û ¼º¼¶ó ÇÏÁö¸¸ ½ÇÁ¦·Î´Â ÀÌÀÀÂù, ¹éÈ«ÁØ, ¼»ó·û µîÀÇ Çѱ¹ÀεéÀÇ ¹ø¿ªÀ̶õ Á¡ÀÌ´Ù. Á¸ ·Î½º ¿ª ¼º¼¶õ ¹ø¿ªÀÇ Ã¥ÀÓÀÚ¶õ Á¡ÀÌ´Ù. ½ÇÁ¦ÀûÀÎ ÇÑ±Û ¼º¼¹ø¿ª ÀεéÀº Çѱ¹ÀεéÀ̾ú´Ù. ÀÇÁÖ »óÀÎ ÀÌÀÀÂùÀº 1883³â 9¿ù¿¡ ÄÝ·¹¶ó·Î º°¼¼ÇÏ¿© ÀÇÁÖÀÎ ¹éÈ«ÁØÀÌ ¼º¼¹ø¿ªÀ» À̾ú´Ù.
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¡ã Á¸ ·Î½º ¿ªº» ÇÑ±Û ¼º¼ ÃâÆÇ |
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¡ã ÃâÆÇ º¸±Þ µÈ ·Î½º ¿ªº» ¼º¼ ¹èÆ÷ »óȲ!(Ãâó: ¹ÚÇü½Å, ÇÑ±Û ¼º¼ ¹ø¿ª 140Áֳ⠱â³ä Çмú ½ÉÆ÷Áö¿ò ÀÚ·áÁý, ´ëÇÑ ¼º¼°øȸ, 2022³â,. p66) |
±×·¯¹Ç·Î À̵éÀº ÀÇÁÖ µî ¼ºÏ Ãâ½ÅÀ¸·Î ù ¼º¼ ¹ø¿ªÀÌ ¼ºÏ¹æ¾ðÀ» »ç¿ëÇÏ¿´´Ù. Á¸ ·Î½ºµµ ¼ºÏ¹æ¾ðÀÓÀ» ÀÎÁöÇÏ°í ¼¿ï ¸»¾¾·Î °³Á¤À» ½ÃµµÇÏ¿© "¿¹¼ö¼Í±³Á¯¼"¸¦ ÃâÆÇÇÏ¿´Áö¸¸ ¿©ÀüÈ÷ Æò¾Èµµ ¹æ¾ðÀÌ ³²¾Æ ÀÖ¾ú´Ù.
¾ÆÆæÁ©·¯¿Í ¾ð´õ¿ìµå´Â ¼º¼¹ø¿ª À§¿øȸ¸¦ Á¶Á÷ÇÏ¿© ·Î½º¿ª ¼º¼¸¦ °³Á¤ÇÏ·Á ÇÏ¿´°í, »óÀÓÀ§¿øȸ·Î È®Àå Æí¼ºÇÏ°í, ·Î½ºº» ¼º¼¸¦ Æó±âÇÏ¿´À¸¸ç, »õ·Î¿î ÇÑ±Û ¼º¼¹ø¿ªÀ» ÀÌ·ç°Ô ÇÏ¿´´Ù.
°á±¹ ·Î½ºº» ¼º¼´Â »õ·Î¿î ¹ø¿ª ¼º¼°¡ ÃâÆÇ(1906³â) µÇ±â±îÁö, ¸¸ÁÖ¿Í ±¹³»¿¡¼ »ç¿ëµÇ¾î º¹À½ ÀüÆÄ¿¡ È°¿ëµÇ¾î Çѱ¹ ±âµ¶±³ÀÇ Æø¹ßÀû ºÎÈï(1903, 1907³â)ÀÇ °è±â¸¦ ÀÌ·ç°Ô µÇ¾ú´Ù.
Á¸ ¸ÅŲŸÀ̾î (John MacIntyreº°¼¼ 1904³â 9¿ù 17ÀÏ, ¿µ±¸ÀÇ ¿Ü±¹ÀÎ ¹¦Áö¿¡ ¾ÈÀåµÇ¾ú´Ù.
Á¸·Î½º¼±±³»ç(1842-1915)´Â 1910³â 7¿ù »çÁ÷ ¹ßÇ¥ÇÏ°í, 38³â °£ ¼±±³»ç È°µ¿À» ¸¶¹«¸®ÇÏ¿´À¸¸ç, 1915³â º°¼¼(8.6.)ÇÏ¿© ¿¡µò¹ö·¯ ´ºÀ®ÅÏ ¹¦Áö¿¡ ¾ÈÀåµÇ¾ú´Ù.(8.11. Newington Cemetary Edinburgh)
Á¸ ¸ÅŲŸÀ̾î´Â º°¼¼ÇÏ¿© ¸¸ÁÖ¿¡ ¹¯Çû°í, Á¸ ·Î½º´Â 1910³â¿¡ 38³â ¼±±³»ç¸¦ »çÁ÷ÇÏ°í, °íÇâ¿¡¼ º°¼¼ÇÏ¿© ¿¡µò¹ö·¯ ´ºÀ®ÅÏ ¹¦Áö¿¡ ¾ÈÀåµÇ¾ú´Ù.(8.11. Newington Cemetary Edinburgh)
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[Âü°í¹®Çå]
1. ±èÁ¤Çö(James H. Grayson): Çѱ¹ÀÇ Ã¹ ¼±±³»ç, °è¸í´ë, 1982.2. James H. Grayson: “John Ross and the Translation of New Testament”, ãêùÊ°ú á¦Í£ ð¯10ûÜ, ÊøãêÓÞ, 1994.
3. ÑÑïáúÜ: Ôþå³ù×°ú ¼º°æ¹ø¿ª °úÁ¤, ãêùÊ°ú á¦Í£ ð¯11ûÜ, ÊøãêÓÞ, 1994.
4. À̸¸¿: ´ëÇѼº¼ °øȸ»ç I. Á¶Á÷, ¼ºÀå°ú ¼ö³, ´ëÇѼº¼°øȸ, 1993.
5. ¸®ÁøÈ£: Çѱ¹ ¼º¼ ¹é³âÞÈI, ´ëÇѱ⵶±³¼È¸, 1996.
6. ¿Á¼ºµæ: “Á¸ ·Î½º¿Í Çѱ¹ °³½Å±³”, Á¸ ·Î½º ÇÑ±Û ¼º°æ ¹ø¿ª 149ÁÖ³â Çмú ½ÉÆ÷Áö¿ò ÀÚ·áÁý, 2022³â
7. À¯°ß¹Î: “¿ª´ë Çѱ¹¾î ¼º°æ ¹ø¿ª¹® ´ëºñ¸¦ ÅëÇÑ ·Î½º ¹ø¿ªÀÇ ¾ð¾î. ¹®ÈÀû Ư¡ ¿¬±¸”, ÀÚ·áÁý, 2022.
8. ¹ÚÇü½Å: “·Î½º¿ª ÇÑ±Û ¼º°æÀÇ º¸±Þ°ú ÇöÀç ¼ÒÀ庻¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ¿¬±¸“, ÀÚ·áÁý 2022.
9. À̵ÎÈñ: ”·Î½ºÀÇ ¿¹¼ö¼Í±³´©°¡º¹À½Àü¼(1882)°¡ ÇÑ±Û ¼º°æ ¹ø¿ª¿¡ ³¢Ä£ ¿µÇâ°ú ¾ÕÀ¸·ÎÀÇ °úÁ¦“, ÀÚ·áÁý 2022.
10. Hwan-Jin Yi: Refletions on First Translation of Korean Bible, the Ross Version of 1887, ¼º¼¿ø¹® ¿¬±¸ Á¦18È£.
11. ±èÁ¤¿¬: Á¸ ·Î½º ¸»ÄÚº¹À½(1887)ÀÇ ´ë¿ª Áß±¹¾î ¼º¼, ºÎ»çÀÇ ºñ±³, ¼º¼¿ø¹®¿¬±¸ 44(2019.4.)
12. ¹ÚÇü½Å: ‘·Î½º¿ªº»’(Ross Version) ³íÀï¿¡ °üÇÑ ¿¬±¸, Korea Presbyterian Journal of Teology Vol 49 No2(2017. 6.)
13. John Ross(Tr Sung-Dueuk Oak): “The Christian Dawn in Korea”, Missionary Review of the World 4(Aprill, 1890), 241-248.
14. ¹è¾ÈÈ£: »ïÀÚ¿ø¸®¿Í Á¸ ·Î½ºÀÇ ¼±±³¹æ¹ý, ¼±±³ÇÐ ÀÚ·á ³í¹®, ¹Ì¼Ç¸Å°¡Áø, GMS(2006. 4. 7.)
15. Á¸ ·Î½º: ´©°¡º¹À½, ¼ø±³ÀÚÀÇ ¼Ò¸®, 2022.
16. Á¸ ·Î½º: ¸¸ÁÖ¼±±³ ¹æ¹ý·Ð, ¼ø±³ÀÚÀÇ ¼Ò¸®, 2019.
17. ÑÑÕÞà¼: Ross Version°ú ùÛÏÐ Protestantism, ÛÜߣùÊÜÃ, ð¯3ûÜ(1967. 11.)
18. ×ÝÎÃÐ¥: î¤ñéùÛìÑ-ìÑ×¾ùÊîÜ ïÈÐÎ-, ìéðÍÊÈ, 1997.
19. á¦Í£¼ÓÀÇ ùÛÏÐÙþûù-î¤èâ ùÛìÑÀÇ ßæüÀ°ú Ùþûù-, Á¦1ȸ ¼¼°èÇÑÀιÎÁ·Çмúȸ ³í¹®Áý, Çѱ¹Á¤½Å¹®È¿¬±¸¿ø, 1991.
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¡ã Á¸ ·Î½º °¡Á·(1901³â): ¾ÕÂÊ Á·κÎÅÍ- Mrs. Ross, Isabel, Margaret, µÞÂÊ- Findlay, Dr. Ross, John Herbert |
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¡ã Rev. John Ross. D.D. ¹¦Áö( Newington Cemetary Edinburgh) |
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